Medical News

IL-15 gene variants ‘have no major role in asthma development’ Posted: 29 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT Research appears to rule out a major role for genetic variations in interleukin-15 in the development of asthma and other atopic disorders, contradicting findings from earlier studies.

Methacholine challenge in COPD boosts residual volume Posted: 29 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the response to methacholine inhalation is mainly due to an increase in residual volume rather than an increase in airway resistance.

Asthma control in real-world setting remains poor Posted: 29 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT Control of asthma in a real-world setting remains poor, according to the results of an Italian study.

One-time prostate cancer screening offers attendee benefits Posted: 29 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT While one-time prostate cancer screening does not appear to offer a survival benefit for invited men versus the source population, there may be a benefit for attendees specifically, conclude Swedish and Italian scientists.

PSA velocity predicts adverse histology on untreated prostate cancer Posted: 29 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT Adverse histology on repeat biopsy in men with untreated, localized prostate cancer is more accurately predicted by prostate-specific antigen velocity than doubling time, say UK researchers.

Testicular alterations present in men with spinal cord injury Posted: 29 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT Brazilian researchers have found that spinal cord injury results in a decrease in sperm mitochondrial activity and an increase in sperm nuclear apoptotic DNA fragmentation, indicative of testicular alterations.

eSET with cryopreservation superior to DET Posted: 29 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT A study has found that elective single embryo transfer with cryopreservation is more effective and less expensive than conventional double embryo transfer for women under the age of 40 years having infertility treatment.

<i>NR5A1</i> mutations associated with primary ovarian insufficiency Posted: 29 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT A study suggests that mutations in the nuclear receptor 5A1 gene result in quantitative transactivation reductions of the cytochrome P450 11A1 and CYP19A1 genes, and are associated with 46,XX primary ovarian insufficiency.

Kisspeptin potential therapy for infertility in women Posted: 29 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT Research recently presented at the Society for Endocrinology BES in Harrogate, UK, showed that kisspeptin—a product of the KISS-1 gene and a key regulator of reproductive function—potently increases lutenizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels in infertile women with hypothalamic amenorrhea.

Short-term menatrenone therapy increases secretion, osteocalcin gamma carboxylation Posted: 29 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT Vitamin K2 (menatetrenone) therapy enhances the secretion and gamma-caboxylation of osteocalcin after 1 month of treatment, while urinary N-telopeptide of type I collage excretion is increased after 6 months of treatment, a study has found.

Food intake during labor does not affect obstetric, neonatal outcomes Posted: 29 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT Consumption of a light diet during labor does not influence mode of delivery, duration of labor, incidence of vomiting, or neonatal outcomes, a study suggests.

Postmenopausal calcium intake decreases risk for metabolic syndrome Posted: 29 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT Researchers in Korea have found that in postmenopausal women, increased calcium intake is related to a decreased risk for having the metabolic syndrome.

Prevention of cytomegalovirus infection closer with new vaccine Posted: 29 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT Phase II study results show that a cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B vaccine has the potential to decrease incident cases of maternal and congenital CMV infection, with a reasonable side–effect profile.

Contraceptive efficacy of estrogen-based OCs unaffected by etravirine Posted: 29 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT A study has found no loss in efficacy of oral contraceptives containing ethinylestradiol and norethindrone is with co-administration of etravirine.

BMD lowered in long-term users of injectable hormonal contraception Posted: 29 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT Bone mineral density is decreased in young long-term injectable contraceptive users but not in those who also have periods of combined oral contraceptive use, study results suggest.

Crohn’s disease linked with several novel cancers Posted: 29 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT A study of more than 20,000 Swedish patients has linked the presence of Crohn's disease to several novel cancers.

<i>H. pylori</i> virulence factors implicated in Asian gastric cancer Posted: 29 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT The expression of several factors associated with Helicobacter pylori virulence could help explain the high incidence of gastric cancer in Asia, researchers suggest.

Esophageal cancer risk revealed by alcohol-induced flushing Posted: 29 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT The facial flushing that commonly occurs in east-Asian people after drinking alcohol can single out those at increased risk for esophageal cancer, US researchers say.

Speech motor dysfunction underpins schizophrenia audiovisual deficits Posted: 26 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT Audiovisual integration deficits during speech perception in schizophrenia patients are linked to speech motor system dysfunction in the right hemisphere and reduced lateralization in the left hemisphere, say German scientists.

Simplified hypertension management strategy proposed Posted: 26 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT A simplified antihypertensive treatment algorithm involving an initial low-dose, fixed-dose combination is superior to guideline-based management of uncomplicated hypertension, Canadian researchers have found.

<i>OSBPL11</i> variants involved in cholesterol and glucose metabolism Posted: 26 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT Two variants in the oxysterol-binding protein–like protein 11 gene are associated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood pressure, hyperglycemia, and the metabolic syndrome in obese individuals, show study results.

Collaborative therapeutic relationship reduces suicide ideation in bipolar patients Posted: 26 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT People with bipolar disorder are less likely to consider suicide if they believe that their relationship with their mental health treatment provider is collaborative, US study findings suggest.

Tooth size reduced in schizophrenia patients Posted: 25 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT Patients with schizophrenia tend to have smaller teeth than those without the mental health disorder, research suggests.

Less LVH benefit from antihypertensive therapy in patients with diabetes Posted: 25 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT People with hypertension and diabetes gain less improvement in left ventricular contractility and have more remaining left ventricular hypertrophy with antihypertensive treatment than do those without diabetes despite comparable blood pressure reduction, a LIFE sub-study shows.

Structural ventral prefrontal cortex abnormalities in bipolar disorder Posted: 25 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT Researchers have found structural abnormalities in both the ventral prefrontal cortex and the orbitofrontal cortex in patients with bipolar disorder.

White matter pathology differences exist between adult and adolescent schizophrenia Posted: 24 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT A study has found that diffusion tensor anisotropy measures of tracts involving the connectivity of the frontal lobe – a region with decreased functional activation and reduced white matter volume in schizophrenia – differ between adolescence and adulthood in schizophrenic patients.

“Hot” cognition deficits in bipolar disorder unrelated to medication Posted: 24 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT Deficits in reward processing, short-term spatial memory storage, and sensitivity to negative feedback in depressed patients with bipolar disorder appear to be an effect of the illness itself and not mood-stabilizing medication, study findings suggest.

Health professionals show stigmatized attitudes towards schizophrenia Posted: 23 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT Researchers have found high levels of stigma among health professionals towards enduring mental illnesses such as schizophrenia, a history of detention in a secure hospital, and patients with substance use disorder currently in relapse.

Low LDL cholesterol, normal SBP linked to slow atherosclerotic progression Posted: 23 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT Results from seven clinical trials show that patients with very low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and normal systolic blood pressure have the slowest progression of coronary atherosclerosis.

Chronic stress may increase likelihood of affective disorders in BPD offspring Posted: 23 Mar 2009 05:00 PM PDT Study findings do not support the stress generation theory as applied to bipolar disorder, but suggest that elevated levels of episodic and chronic stress may be important markers of risk for affective disorders in high-risk youth.

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